Nématode à galles (Meloidogyne spp) des cultures maraîchères dans la région de Ghardaïa

Abstract

The present study was carried out in the Ghardaïa region in April 2025to assess the impact of root-knot nematodes of the Meloidogyne spp. genus on local vegetable crops. The main objective is to determine the level of infestation through the average gall index (according to the Zeck scale) and the vigor index of affected plants, while identifying the most sensitive crops and the most affected areas. Observations revealed a high degree of infestation variability between crops and farms. Broad beans (Vicia faba) showed notable

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susceptibility in the berriane region (gall index between 0.60 and 1.10), while carrots (Daucus carota) at farm N07 recorded the highest index (3.06), with plants totally destroyed (vigor index 0). Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) at N'tissa (farm N06) also showed a high level of infestation (index of 2.05), indicating severe damage. At the same time, the study highlights the importance of promoting agricultural practices such as crop rotation, trap crops and the use of organic amendments, with a view to integrated pest management. The data collected provide an important basis for building more efficient management strategies appropriate to local conditions. At the same time, they raise farmers' awareness of the risks associated with the multiplication of these nematodes and of alternative solutions to chemical nematicides, in favor of a more resilient and sustainable agriculture.