Abstract:
The blood system is a group of allo-typical antigens detected by specific antibodies on the
surface of red blood cell membranes. There are several types of blood group, the most important in
practice being the ABO and Rhesus systems.
The aim of our study is to characterize the Ghardaïa population by ABO and Rhesus blood
systems in order to establish a distribution of the different groups. This is a prospective descriptive
study conducted on a sample of 753 randomly selected from the four regions of Ghardaïa
(Ghardaïa, Baraiane, Guerrara and Metlili).
The results obtained for the ABO system revealed phenotypic frequencies varying from
(64%) for O, and (25%) for A, 10% for group B, to (1%) for AB. There is no AB group in the
Mozabite population. Similarly, for the Rhesus system, results showed that Rhesus positive varies
from (90%) to (10%) for Rhesus negative. In addition, inter-population comparisons revealed major
similarities between our population and those of the Mediterranean basin.
