Isolement et caractérisation de la flore fongique associée au dépérissement de la vigne dans la région de Ghardaïa

Abstract

The aim of this work is to isolate and identify the fungal groups associated with the various symptoms of decline and dieback observed on grapevine trees in the Ghardaïa region. The trees inspected belonged to three (03) grape varieties, namely Red globe, cardinal and Grande Noire. Identification was carried out using morphological methods (macro and microscopic). The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed on asymptomatic grapevine shoots, and biocontrol trials were then undertaken against a strain of actinobacteria of the species Saccharotrix lopnuriensis. Finally, we tested the antifungal effect of the essential oil of a spontaneous plant of the species Artemisia Herba Alba harvested in the Ghardaïa region. The isolates identified belong to the genera Alternaria, which is the most isolated group with 41.17%, Aureobasidium, Penicillium and Ulocladium with 5.8% each; in addition to other groups that require in-depth identification methods. The results of a bio-control test on a number of isolates against a strain of actinobacteria of the species Saccharotrix lopnuriensis showed strong antifungal activity of this strain against the isolates tested. The results of the antifungal activity of the essential oil of the spontaneous plant Artemisia Herba Alba showed notable activity in reducing the growth of fungal mycelium.