الخلاصة:
The current work is devoted to the phytochemical and biological study of an endemic Saharan species Fagonia glutinosa (Zygophyllaceae), to identify the bioactive molecules and to find the utility. The first part of this work is devoted to the preparation of five extracts by a maceration followed by a liquid-liquid extraction with solvents of increasing polarities. The quantitative analysis of these extracts is guaranteed by the determination of the content of total polyphenols, total flavonoids and tannins. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated by three methods namely iron reduction, DPPH and phosphomolybdate. Then the biological activity was evaluated using the disk deposit method against two strains of Escherichia coli (ATCC8739) and Staphylococci aureus (ATCC6538). The qualitative analysis was carried out by thin layer chromatography (TLC), then we tried to separate the butanol extract on a column of silica gel. The results obtained show that this plant contains high amounts of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and low in tannins. The quantitative estimation showed that the chloroform extract has a high content compared to other extracts. The tests for the evaluation of the antioxidant activity and the antibacterial activity of all the extracts of Fagonia glutinosa, show on the one hand that all the extracts have a good source of antioxidant compounds due to the richness in polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins of its extract, on the other hand the antibacterial activity does not have an antibacterial effect in all the extracts to 200mg/ml.
