Prévalence du risque des maladies cardiovasculaires coronariennes chez un échantillon représentatif de la commune de Ghardaïa.

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases with its high frequency, are a major public health problem in all countries 7.5 million of these deaths are due to coronary heart disease and 6.7 million to stroke(OMS, 2012). According to the WHO study (2014) 41% of deaths are due to CVD in Algeria. Thus. the purpose of our work is to predict the prevalence of cardiovascular risk in our population and its associated risk factors prevalence and distributions according to the characteristics of the sample. For this, data of a sample of 769 patients free from all cardiovascular diseases were collected and analyzed according to the Framingham model. Thus, the results show that 88.82% of the subjects in our sample are at low risk, 9.62% at moderate risk and 1.56% at high risk, with very highly significant evolution in the degree of risk according to age. Men were found to be more exposed to coronary cardiovascular risk than women with a very highly significant difference (91.99% of women at low risk versus 75.36% of men at the same level of risk). The prevalence of associated risk factors was, in descending order; 40.96% (HTA), 27.05% (Hypercholesterolemia), 24.31% (Hypo-HDL) and 6.89% (Smoking). Thus, hypertension seems to be the major contributor to the prevalence of total cardiovascular risk in our population. The mean values of PAS. PAD, total cholesterol and HDI-C fall on the threshold of normal, which is explained by the low cardiovascular risk of our sample.