Abstract:
The thyroid synthesizes hormones: T4 and T3, whose action is to regulate basal metabolism
as well as tissue growth and maturation. For that these thyroid hormones be secreted
according to the needs of the body, the pituitary gland secretes a regulatory hormone, which
acts directly on the thyroid that is called: Thyroid Stimulin Hormone (TSH). The aim of this
study is to monitor changes in thyroid hormones (TSH, T3, T4, Tg, anti-TPO and anti- Tg) in
a male and female population originating from the Ghardaia region and accusing
euthyroidism, hyperthyroidism and / or hypothyroidism. This study also aims to master the
hormonal assay method (automated) based on ELISA technique (Enzyme Linked Immuno
Sorbent Assay). In our study the plasma levels of T3 and T4 show a significant difference
compared to healthy people. Serum T3 and T4 levels are decreased in people with
hypothyroidism and high in those with hyperthyroidism. In some cases in our study it was
noted that serum T3 levels and T4 is within the standards despite the disturbance of TSH
levels this result shows that the Most of the population is on treatment that balances thyroid
hormone levels. In terms of the population studied in Ghardaïa province, women are the most
affected by different thyroid diseases compared to men and especially women frequently
associated with hypothyroidism, female sex has been found to be a factor in risk for thyroid
pathology. It is also noted in our study that the factor body mass index and emotional shock;
Familial ATCD are factors ofrisk.
