Étude de la prévalence de la toxoplasmose chez les femmes enceintes et évaluation des facteurs de risque dans la région de Ghardaïa

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, usually benign but, it represents a serious problem for uninfected (vaccinated) pregnant women and immunocompromised patients. The objective of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in the Ghardaïa region, while seeking the link between the serological results and the characteristics of the study population in order to identify some factors of risk linked to infection. The survey was carried out on 100 pregnant women over a period of two months. The toxoplasmic serologies were carried out by the ELFA method on the MINI VIDAS machine. The positive serology rate was 24% while the majority, or 76% are seronegatives. These latter have a real risk of infection during pregnancy. This category requires serological monitoring throughout their pregnancy period until one month after delivery. In general, many factors can lead to Toxoplasma gondii infection and vary from region to another. Soil contact, use of the same kitchen utensils after handling raw meat and contact with cats are considered risk factors linked to this pathology in the wilaya of Ghardaïa. Furthermore, it is possible that certain modes of contamination remain unknown and require further investigation .