Enquête Sur Les Ravageurs Et Les Maladies Des Céréales Dans La Région D’El- Meniaa

Abstract

Cereal farming in the El Ménéa area is dominated by durum wheat, the most important species among major crops, with an estimated area of ​​17,300 ha. In terms of production, corn is the most productive with a yield of 2,340,000 quintals, followed by the cultivation of wheat and clover. The present study is a survey which aims to collect data on the phytosanitary situation of cereals in the region of Ménéa (central Algerian Sahara), to do this we adopted the method of purposive sampling by the development of a survey guide followed by field trips and interviews with farmers. In the light of the results obtained, six species of insect pests were found, these are leaf aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi), followed by locusts, the corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), the moth (Nomophila noctuella ) and white worms. Microbiological analyzes carried out on cereals which present symptoms resulted in the isolation and identification of three species of fungi: Fusarium sp, verticllium dahlia, and Alternaria sp, as for weeds we were able to identify 10 species, the most of which common are: brome, ray- grass, and quack grass. The survey provided us with data on the control measures practiced, the equipment used, breeding, etc.