Etude de quelques caractéristiques physico-chimiques et Bactériologiques d'eau d'une source chaude" ZERRARA" de la région d’ El Guerrara de la wilaya de Ghardaïa en Algérie

Abstract

Thermal waters in Algeria are among the most valuable natural resources, playing a crucial role in the development of therapeutic tourism and the national economy. Present in various regions such as Hammam Zelfana… the main objective of this work is study of some physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of water from a hot spring "ZERRARA" in the region of EL Guerrara, In order to achieve this objective we will carry out a comparative study of the effect of three factors (Day*Source* time of sampling) on the physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics between the source of Zerrara and the Zelfana spring. Three-way ANOVA shows that all factors impact physical and chemical properties. properties of Zelfana and Zerrara water (Probabilité =0.0000). These results vary depending on the source and the time and day of collection.For the results of the physical analysis: We recorded temperature values that reached 45°C for the Zerrara borehole and 40°C for the Zelfana borehole. Which makes us classify them as thermal springs. (Temperatures between 35 and 50°C). The high electrical conductivity of both boreholes also indicates the presence of a large concentration of dissolved minerals in the well. According to the Piper diagram, the chemistry of the water analyzed is sodium sulfate for all the samples analyzed (Zerrara and Zelfana). According to the Richards diagram, the sources of Zerrara and Zelfana in class C4-S2: Poor quality. It represents waters of very high salinity with a medium danger of alkalization. Finally, the results of the bacteriological analysis show the total absence of any bacterial contamination, which explains the natural purity of our thermal waters.