Evaluation du pouvoir antimicrobien et de la qualité microbiologique (bactéries lactiques) de quelques types de miels naturels récoltés dans plusieurs régions d'Algérie

Abstract

The antimicrobial activity of natural honey has been observed and recorded for many years. In order to assess the antimicrobial activity of Algerian honey and to determine whether there are factors that affect the antimicrobial activity of honey, such as geographical area, type of plant, climate, etc., it was decided to carry out a study on the antimicrobial activity of natural honey and to answer the question What components present in natural honey have antimicrobial properties ? Are there factors that affect the quality and effectiveness of honey ? Different analyses were carried out on five samples of Algerian honey, namely eucalyptus honey, watercress honey, Sedra honey, citrus honey and multi-flora honey, which were collected in different regions and at different times, as follows: watercress (Ain ouassera/March); Sedra (Djelfa/May-June); eucalyptus (Boumerdasse/June); citrus (Ghardaia/April); multi flora (March-July / geographical area is unknown The analyses included the good diffusion method on solid medium where 3 different dilutions (80%, 40%, 20%) were used and diluted with sterile distilled water or catalase, which is known to negatively affect H 2 O 2 activity, as well as the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a microdilution technique where 4 different dilutions (50%40%30%20%) were used and diluted with sterile distilled water, lactic acid bacteria were isolated and pH was measured. The results showed the presence of antimicrobial activity of the honey against the eight bacteria used with or without catalase (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 13932) The best results were recorded by Sedra honey and watercress honey, where Listeria monocytogenes was the most sensitive recording an inhibition zone of 46 mm diameter at a concentration of 80% honey (Watercress) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most resistant. While no honey recorded antimicrobial activity for Candida albicans (Yeast) ATCC 10231. For the microdilution method, the best results were also recorded by Sidra honey and watercress honey with <20% concentration. Natural (Algerian) honey has antimicrobial activity and there are factors that affect this activity of honey, which justifies the reasons for the different antimicrobial activities, because honey contains several elements that give it antimicrobial activity, which is evident when one of the elements of honey is removed and it nevertheless retains its antimicrobial activity.